High viscosity4/30/2023 Too low or high hydraulic fluid viscosity can damage the hydraulic system components like pumps, valves, filters, etc. Likewise, higher viscosity of fluid will reduce mechanical efficiency and causes issues like high energy consumption, heat generation, cavitation, poor air release, and inadequate lubrication. Low hydraulic oil viscosity creates a risk of internal leakages and will cause lower volumetric efficiency of pumps and motors. At higher temperature, the fluid will become thinner and reduces the lubricating power of fluids. At lower temperature, the fluid will solidify and make it difficult to pump or flow. As we mentioned above, the temperature will affect the hydraulic oil viscosity. Hydraulics have indoor and outdoor applications that work in extreme winter cold temperature to desert hot temperature. Normally used mineral oils will have a viscosity index around 100.Īlso, Read: Water in Hydraulic Oil Importance of Hydraulic Oil Viscosity The viscosity index of synthetic oils will be higher than that of mineral oil. If a low viscosity index fluid is selected for an application requiring low-temperature, the fluid will freeze and resist free movement of fluid through the system. The highly desirable hydraulic oil must have a viscosity index range more than 95. Here ‘L’ is the oil with viscosity index zero at 40☌, ‘H’ is the oil with a viscosity index 100 at 40☌, and ‘U’ is the kinematics oil viscosity at 40☌.Īpplying the viscosity index formula helps you to choose the right hydraulic fluid for your application. In precise, we can say that viscosity will increase when cold and decreases when heat.įor viscosity index calculation, you can use the formula: Low viscosity index indicates high viscosity changes with change in temperature and high viscosity index is just the reverse. Viscosity index is primarily classified into low(up to 35), medium(35-80), high(80-110) and very high(above 110). It is the change in hydraulic oil viscosity with changes in temperature. Dynamic viscosity is measured using onsite viscometers and kinematic viscosity is that measured and reported by oil analysis laboratories.Īlso, Read: Understanding the Symptoms of Low Oil Pressure What is hydraulic viscosity index? Hydraulic oil viscosity can be categorized in dynamic (absolute) viscosity or as kinematic viscosity. A fluid with low viscosity will flow faster and that with higher viscosity will flow slowly. Hydraulic oil viscosity determines the selected fluids film strength and thickness in machines. Otherwise, it will inversely affect the lifetime of that hydraulic system. So, it is important to choose a fluid having adequate viscosity. At the same time, lower viscosity will create internal leakages during higher temperature. The higher viscosity of fluids will result in increased friction, pressure drop, and heat generation. The viscosity of oil determines which oil to be selected for what application. Hydraulic oil viscosity is the key property that affects the performance of every hydraulic system. The viscosity of a fluid is the internal resistance to flow. We can discuss more on hydraulic oil viscosity here. Among all these, hydraulic oil viscosity is necessary and most considered property that will reduce machine wear and improves accuracy. For achieving a properly working hydraulic system, the manufacturer or designer must need to consider various hydraulic fluid properties like viscosity, compressibility, demulsibility, fire resistance, etc. Hydraulic system uses different oil types for performing functions like lubrication, heat transfer, power transmission, and sealing.
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